Composition for dyeing animal fiber



"such as Glauber salts.

UITED STA'ES TENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. FIEBIGER, OF WEST NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY.

COMPOSITION FOR DYEI NG- ANIMAL FIBER.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN H. Flnnienn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of \Vest New York, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in (ompositions for Dyeing Animal Fiber, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in composition for dyeing animal fiber.

One of the objects of this invention is to produce an effective anilin dyeing composition in powdered form which may be employed with great economy in a dye bath to dye animal fiber, such as woolor silk, and also kid leather. 7

Another object of my invention is to produce a non hygroscopic powdered dyeing composition containing any suitable anilin acid color or colors in powdered form combined with a non-hygroscopic powdered organic acid or salt or a derivative thereof as a fixing agent; which composition will be effective to dye wool, silk or kid leather in a bath brought to the boiling point and kept at this temperature for a suitable period of time; whereby the powdered composition material may be retained in its dry powdered form indefinitely and when used in a bath will enable the bath to be substantially exhausted and the material dyed to take up substantially all of the coloring matter.

' Another object of my invention is to enable the production of a dyeing bath containing an anilin color and a suitable quantity of an organic acid, which bath may be brought to the boiling point and will give the best pos' sible results from the standpoint of fixing the colors, exhausting the bath, and procuringthe most'effective coloring of the material to be dyed, and also to procure the maximum fixing effect of the acid on the coloring material; to avoid an excess of the acid and prevent a stripping or lessening of the dyeing effect of the coloring material by such an excess of acid in the bath. To these ends, l dissolve in the bath a-mixture composed of a predetermined quantity of a suitable anilin acid color with a quantity (not more than five times the weight ofthe quantity of coloring matter employed) of a fixing agent comprising an organic acid, preferably 'oxahe acid, and also preferably include with these ingredients a suitable quantity of diluent Another object of my invention is to pro- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 28, 1921, Application filed July '7, 1920. Serial 110,394,569.

4 duce such an anilin dyeing composition by mixing apredetermined quantity of any suitable anilin acid color in powdered form, a substantially equal quantity of an organic acid or salt and preferably oxalic acid in powdered form, or a derivative of such an organic acid or salt, and a suitable diluent such as Glauber salts also in powdered form.

lVit-h these and other objects in 'view the invention comprises the combination of materials and arrangement of quantities or parts thereof so combined as to co-act and cooperate with each other in the performance of the functions and the accomplishment of the results herein contemplated and comprises in one of its adaptations the species or preferred form more particularly hereinafter describe-d.

In carrying out or practising my inven tion, it is important to obviate the possibility of the user producing a bath having an ex cess of acid which will be injurious to the material to be dyed and also to-the coloring material itself. I therefore take a suitable quantity of a substantially pure anilin dyeing color, as for example acid blue black in its dry state and powdered form and weight a predetermined quantity thereof then I add to and mm with this pure coloring matter a quantity (not more than five t mes the .weight of the quantity of coloring matter employed) of an organic acid in powdered form or a derivative thereof. The organic acid preferably added to such a color in the a'bovemientioned quantity is preferably crystallized oxalic acid in powdered form. At the same time or subsequently I add to the composition thus formed, a suitable quantity of a diluting agent, such as Glauber salts, or'

like material, also in powdered form. These ingredients so proportioned when mixed with each other in any suitable manner will produce an improved dyeing composition and will give the best possible results from the standpoint of fixing the colors; the exhausting of the bath; the procuring of the most effective coloring of the material to be dyed; the best possible cooperation between the anilin coloring material and the fixing acid and will prevent the production of an 1n urrous excess of acld 1n the bath, with con-- sequent injury to the fabric or fiber which is dyed and a stripping or lessening of the dyeing effect of thecoloring material.

My preferred composition preferably comprises a suitable quantity of an anilin coloring material in powdered form; an

equal quantity of "oxalic acid in powdered pure anilin coloring material such as acid blue black will cause a stripping of the color from the material to be dyed instead of'thefixing of the same and any such greater amount of acid than five times'the amount in weight of the coloring material is detrimental to'the dye bath and begins to produce a stripping result, and is also injurious to the material which is dyed in such liquor.

1When acid coloring material and oxalic acid are employed in equal proportion as aforesaid, or when a quantity of oxalic acid comprising not more than five times the amount of the coloring material is employed, I am enabled to prepare a bath which when used with any suitable quantity of Glauber salts or the like will cause a thorough penetration of thefiber or material to be. dyed and-furthermore will enable the exhausting of thebath of coloring material and great economy in the consumption of such dyeing material will be possible.

In my preferred form of'bath, a quantity of powdered material composed as above described is dissolved in a suitable bath of warm water ;.the material to be dyed is first thoroughly cleansed and wet-ted with water and is in its wetted condition placed in this prepared bath. The bath is then heated tothe boiling point for a period of twenty minutes, after which time the bath will be substantially exhausted and substantially all of the coloring material will have been absorbed by and fixed in the fiber of the mate rial which is being dyed. Such material may, by the use of my composition, be c0lored a fast color of any predetermined shade, the full effect of the color in the bath On the will be procured, and in' the case of the majority of the acid dye colors used arsubstantially clear liquid will remain after the removal of the dyed material.- '7

Having described my invention, I claim 1. A dyeing composition comprising a quantity oi'an anilin acid coloring material mixed with a. quantity (not greater than five times the quantity of the coloring material) of an organic acid; and a quantity of a diluent. 7,.

2. A dyeing composition comprising a quantity of an anilin acid coloring material mixed with a quantity (not greater than five times the-quantity oi the coloring material) of oxalic acid; and a quantity of a diluent.

3. A dyeing composition comprising a quantity of an anilin acid coloring material in powdered form mixed with a quantity (not gr'eater than five times the quantity of the coloring material) of an organic acid also in powdered form and a quantity or" a diluent-also in powdered form.

A dyeing composition comprising a quantity of an anilin-acid coloring material in powdered form mixed with a quantity (not greater than five times the quantity of the coloring material) of oxalic acid also in powdered form and a quantity of adiluent also in powdered form.

5. A dyeingcomposition comprising a quantity ofan anilin acid coloring material mixed with a substantially equal quantity of an organic acid and a quantity of a diluent.

6. A dyeing composition comprising a,

quantity of an anilin acid coloring material in powdered for'm mixed with a substantially equal quantity of an organic acid also in'powdered form and a quantity of a diluent also in powdered form.

7. A- dyeing composition comprising a quantity of an anilin acid coloring material in powdered. form mixed with asubstantially equal quantity of an oxalic acid also in powdered .form and a quantity of Glauber salts also. in powdered form.

In witness whereof, I have signed my nameto the foregoing specification in the presence of a subscribing witness.

. JOHN H. FIEBIGER.

Witness:

HELEN V. WHIDDEN. 

